I’m often asked whether the Wolfram model is deterministic.

When I put the question to Stephen Wolfram, his answer did not surprise me: yes, the ruliad is fully determined.

But there’s a twist. The ruliad is determined, but how we observe the evolution of the universe depends on where we are in the ruliad.

Stephen’s full answer, in this third excerpt from our conversation, touches on some of the deepest philosophical questions in physics, including the role of the observer the nature of objective reality.

Mark

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The Last Theory is hosted by Mark Jeffery, founder of Open Web Mind