In the early days of the Wolfram Physics Project, Stephen Wolfram seemed to be seeking a single rule that, when applied to the hypergraph, could generate our universe.

More recently, however, Wolfram has promoted the idea of the ruliad, the application of every possible rule to the hypergraph.

So I asked Jonathan Gorard whether all rules might be applied to generate our universe, or whether he was searching for one rule to rule them all.

This is another fascinating excerpt from our conversation, in which Jonathan introduces a middle path between top-down and bottom-up physics, between one rule and the ruliad.

Mark

—

The Last Theory is hosted by Mark Jeffery founder of Open Web Mind